MC_ENTITY_TAKE_DMG damage loop with worm-like enemies

REPENTOGON modifies MC_ENTITY_TAKE_DMG to allow you to return a table to modify damage, damage flags, and damage countdown. Specifically if you increase the damage dealt to worm-segmented enemies (Pin, Chub, Wormwood, etc), it makes them start to infinitely loop the damage dealt to them. Doesn't happen if you decrease or return the same amount of damage. This is all of the code involved:

local TestMod = RegisterMod("TestMod", 1)

function TestMod:BonusDucks(entity, amount, flags, source, countdownFrames)
    return {Damage = amount + 1}
end

TestMod:AddCallback(ModCallbacks.MC_ENTITY_TAKE_DMG, TestMod.BonusDucks)

https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/24639f86-1da1-415b-a1b5-375f307612d9

Start by reproducing the minimal Lua MC_ENTITY_TAKE_DMG callback with a worm-segmented enemy and increased damage. Trace the damage callback handling and verify that returning increased damage no longer causes an infinite damage loop, while decreased or unchanged damage behavior remains intact.