linkcheck: upgrade to QuantEcon/action-link-checker (preserve #906/#933 tuning)

Background

As part of the artifact-based GitHub Pages migration (#953, tracked in QuantEcon/meta#282), linkcheck.yml was moved off the gh-pages branch checkout to download+extract the latest release .tar.gz into _site. During that migration we kept the existing lycheeverse/lychee-action engine rather than switching to QuantEcon/action-link-checker@main (as lecture-python-intro / lecture-python-programming use).

Why we kept lychee for now

This repo's linkcheck has tuned false-positive suppression tied to resolved issues:

• --accept 202 — IEEE Xplore anti-bot "202 Accepted" (#906)
• --exclude-path for genindex / search / prf-prf auto-generated pages (#933)
• --exclude for the Journal of Derivatives DOI redirect loop (#933)

QuantEcon/action-link-checker exposes silent-codes but no direct equivalent for --exclude-path or a specific-URL --exclude, so a naive swap risks regressing #906 / #933.

Task

Upgrade linkcheck.yml to QuantEcon/action-link-checker for family consistency, without reintroducing the #906 / #933 false positives — i.e. first confirm the action supports (or add support for) path excludes and a URL-level exclude, then port the tuning and verify a clean run.

Related: QuantEcon/meta#282, #906, #933.

Start with linkcheck.yml and compare its current lychee tuning with QuantEcon/action-link-checker documentation and implementation. Confirm or add support for path exclusions and the Journal of Derivatives URL exclusion while preserving the IEEE Xplore 202 handling and the #933 exclusions. Run the link-check workflow and consider the work done when it completes cleanly without those false positives.