PSPropertyAdapter prevents access to class methods and throws InvalidOperationException

Prerequisites

• Write a descriptive title.
• Make sure you are able to repro it on the latest released version
• Search the existing issues.
• Refer to the FAQ.
• Refer to Differences between Windows PowerShell 5.1 and PowerShell.

Steps to reproduce

I have created a PSPropertyAdapter in C# using the PowerShellStandard.Library nuget package to define how PowerShell should interact with my class but doing so seems to have prevented access to any inbuilt and custom methods on my class.

GitHub Repository for sample files
Bluecakes\PowerShellTypeAdapter

Attached Testing Build
PowerShellTypeAdapter.zip

PowerShell 5 Get-Host:

Name             : ConsoleHost
Version          : 5.1.19041.5369
InstanceId       : a8f481db-a9d0-4935-9860-b105005849ba
UI               : System.Management.Automation.Internal.Host.InternalHostUserInterface
CurrentCulture   : en-AU
CurrentUICulture : en-GB
PrivateData      : Microsoft.PowerShell.ConsoleHost+ConsoleColorProxy
DebuggerEnabled  : True
IsRunspacePushed : False
Runspace         : System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.LocalRunspace

PowerShell Core Get-Host:

Name             : ConsoleHost
Version          : 7.5.0
InstanceId       : f89f6391-bb7a-43b7-baae-bbe634501e76
UI               : System.Management.Automation.Internal.Host.InternalHostUserInterface
CurrentCulture   : en-AU
CurrentUICulture : en-GB
PrivateData      : Microsoft.PowerShell.ConsoleHost+ConsoleColorProxy
DebuggerEnabled  : True
IsRunspacePushed : False
Runspace         : System.Management.Automation.Runspaces.LocalRunspace

I am able to reproduce the issue by added a simple PSPropertyAdapter to the sample cmdlet created with the template dotnet new psmodule.

For testing, i have launched both PowerShell 5 and PowerShell Core with no profile and loaded the module using ipmo ./PowerShellTypeAdapter.dll

Expected behavior

PowerShell should be able to execute a method on a class (such as .ToString())

PowerShell 5:

Windows PowerShell
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Try the new cross-platform PowerShell https://aka.ms/pscore6

PS C:\scripts\psadapter> ipmo .\PowerShellTypeAdapter.psd1
PS C:\scripts\psadapter> $f = New-Favorite -FavoriteNumber 3 -FavoritePet Cat
PS C:\scripts\psadapter> $f.ToString()
PowerShellTypeAdapter.Favorite
PS C:\scripts\psadapter>

PowerShell Core:

PowerShell 7.5.0
PS C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7> cd C:\scripts\psadapter\
PS C:\scripts\psadapter> ipmo .\PowerShellTypeAdapter.psd1
PS C:\scripts\psadapter> $f = New-Favorite -FavoriteNumber 3 -FavoritePet Cat
PS C:\scripts\psadapter> $f.ToString()
PowerShellTypeAdapter.Favorite
PS C:\scripts\psadapter>

Actual behavior

PowerShell 5 works as expected:

Windows PowerShell
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Try the new cross-platform PowerShell https://aka.ms/pscore6

PS C:\scripts\psadapter> ipmo .\PowerShellTypeAdapter.psd1
PS C:\scripts\psadapter> $f = New-Favorite -FavoriteNumber 3 -FavoritePet Cat
PS C:\scripts\psadapter> $f.ToString()
PowerShellTypeAdapter.Favorite
PS C:\scripts\psadapter>

PowerShell Core does not work as expected*
*Method invocation works again after the module is removed (which removes the PSPropertyAdapter typedata):

PowerShell 7.5.0
PS C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7> cd C:\scripts\psadapter\
PS C:\scripts\psadapter> ipmo .\PowerShellTypeAdapter.psd1
PS C:\scripts\psadapter> $f = New-Favorite -FavoriteNumber 3 -FavoritePet Cat
PS C:\scripts\psadapter> $f.ToString()
InvalidOperation: Method invocation failed because [PowerShellTypeAdapter.Favorite] does not contain a method named 'ToString'.
PS C:\scripts\psadapter> Remove-Module PowerShellTypeAdapter
PS C:\scripts\psadapter> $f.ToString()
PowerShellTypeAdapter.Favorite
PS C:\scripts\psadapter>

Error details

PS C:\scripts\psadapter> $e = Get-Error
PS C:\scripts\psadapter> $e

Exception             :
    Type        : System.Management.Automation.RuntimeException
    ErrorRecord :
        Exception             :
            Type    : System.Management.Automation.ParentContainsErrorRecordException
            Message : Method invocation failed because [PowerShellTypeAdapter.Favorite] does not contain a method
named 'ToString'.
            HResult : -2146233087
        CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (:) [], ParentContainsErrorRecordException
        FullyQualifiedErrorId : MethodNotFound
        InvocationInfo        :
            ScriptLineNumber : 1
            OffsetInLine     : 1
            HistoryId        : 5
            Line             : $f.ToString()
            Statement        : $f.ToString()
            PositionMessage  : At line:1 char:1
                               + $f.ToString()
                               + ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
            CommandOrigin    : Internal
        ScriptStackTrace      : at <ScriptBlock>, <No file>: line 1
    TargetSite  : System.Object CallSite.Target(System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Closure,
System.Runtime.CompilerServices.CallSite, System.Object)
    Message     : Method invocation failed because [PowerShellTypeAdapter.Favorite] does not contain a method named
'ToString'.
    Data        : System.Collections.ListDictionaryInternal
    Source      : Anonymously Hosted DynamicMethods Assembly
    HResult     : -2146233087
    StackTrace  :
   at CallSite.Target(Closure, CallSite, Object)
   at System.Dynamic.UpdateDelegates.UpdateAndExecute1[T0,TRet](CallSite site, T0 arg0)
   at System.Management.Automation.Interpreter.DynamicInstruction`2.Run(InterpretedFrame frame)
   at System.Management.Automation.Interpreter.EnterTryCatchFinallyInstruction.Run(InterpretedFrame frame)
CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (:) [], RuntimeException
FullyQualifiedErrorId : MethodNotFound
InvocationInfo        :
    ScriptLineNumber : 1
    OffsetInLine     : 1
    HistoryId        : 5
    Line             : $f.ToString()
    Statement        : $f.ToString()
PositionMessage  : At line:1 char:1
                   + $f.ToString()
                   + ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CommandOrigin    : Internal
ScriptStackTrace      : at <ScriptBlock>, <No file>: line 1

Environment data

PowerShell 5:

PS C:\scripts\psadapter> $PSVersionTable

Name                           Value
----                           -----
PSVersion                      5.1.19041.5369
PSEdition                      Desktop
PSCompatibleVersions           {1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0...}
BuildVersion                   10.0.19041.5369
CLRVersion                     4.0.30319.42000
WSManStackVersion              3.0
PSRemotingProtocolVersion      2.3
SerializationVersion           1.1.0.1

PowerShell Core:

PS C:\scripts\psadapter> $PSVersionTable

Name                           Value
----                           -----
PSVersion                      7.5.0
PSEdition                      Core
GitCommitId                    7.5.0
OS                             Microsoft Windows 10.0.19045
Platform                       Win32NT
PSCompatibleVersions           {1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0…}
PSRemotingProtocolVersion      2.3
SerializationVersion           1.1.0.1
WSManStackVersion              3.0

Visuals

Start with the linked Bluecakes\PowerShellTypeAdapter sample and reproduce the difference between PowerShell 5 and PowerShell 7.5 using the PSPropertyAdapter, module import, and $f.ToString() entry point. Trace how the adapter's typedata affects method lookup; done means class methods remain invocable in PowerShell Core without removing the module.