[REQ][Perl] Improve error/exception handling

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.

I think error handling could be significantly improved, compared to the current usage of Carp. As well, there are some unimplemented error logic in ApiClient.mustache that should be addressed.

1. Since Moo/Moose is supported, something like Throwable::Factory might fit nicely.
2. If Moo/Moose is not preferred, Exception::Class would be another option.
3. If Exception::Class is not preferred, a simple Error class similar to Carton::Error
4. Finally, if you have a preference to return error objects instead of throwing exceptions, I believe I can make that work as well.

Describe the solution you'd like

I am fairly open to implementation, but my preference is listed in order above.

Describe alternatives you've considered

Additional context

Start with the Perl ApiClient.mustache template and inspect its current Carp usage and unimplemented error logic. Review the proposed exception and error-object alternatives, then define and implement a consistent strategy with coverage for the affected generated client behavior.