[DOC] Document cuDF options

## Report needed documentation

**Report needed documentation**
Currently options are simply documented by embedding the output of `cudf.describe_option` directly in our docs: https://docs.rapids.ai/api/cudf/stable/user_guide/api_docs/options/#api-options. This approach is not very informative.

**Describe the documentation you'd like**
We should instead document individual options separately. [The corresponding pandas page](https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/user_guide/options.html) does not document all options in detail, but it does include [extended information on the frequently used options](https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/user_guide/options.html#frequently-used-options). We should mimic that approach and focus on documenting the most important options.