[FEA] cuda.core: support stream re-capture into an existing graph (CUDA 13.3)

Summary

CUDA 13.3 adds
cuStreamBeginRecaptureToGraph(CUstream hStream, CUstreamCaptureMode mode, CUgraph hGraph, CUgraphRecaptureCallback callbackFunc, void* userData):
begin a stream capture that re-captures into an existing graph instead of creating a new
one. The registered callback receives, per recaptured node,
(void* data, CUgraphNode node, const CUgraphNodeParams* originalParams, const CUgraphNodeParams* recaptureParams, CUgraphRecaptureStatus status)
with status CU_GRAPH_RECAPTURE_{ELIGIBLE_FOR_UPDATE,INELIGIBLE_FOR_UPDATE,ERROR} (exact
invocation semantics to be confirmed against the 13.3 driver docs during design). Failures
surface as the new CUDA_ERROR_GRAPH_RECAPTURE_FAILURE.

This is update-by-recapture: rerun the capture-producing code and let the driver map it onto
the existing graph — complementing the setter-based node updates of #2352 / #2354 and the
general graph-updates task #1330. cuda.core's graph support is capture-based
(GraphBuilder), so this slots in naturally.

Underlying C APIs to cover

Design sketch (draft — needs design-meeting review)

[!IMPORTANT]
Starting point only, not a settled design — review in the cuda.core design meeting.

gb = graph.recapture(stream, mode="global")   # names TBD; wraps cuStreamBeginRecaptureToGraph
launch(stream, config, kernel, new_args)      # replay the capture region
gb.end()                                      # graph updated in place

Graph construction is the one flow where cuda.core deliberately uses a builder, so returning a
(re)capture-scoped GraphBuilder mirrors the existing API shape.

Open questions for the meeting:

1. The C callback fires from within capture — exposing an optional Python hook means calling
   back into Python mid-capture (GIL/perf story). Verify whether a NULL callback is accepted
   and make the Python hook opt-in.
2. Should cuda.core collect and report per-node recapture statuses (updated vs. ineligible)
   after end()?
3. Interaction with GraphBuilder's existing capture-state guards (is_…capturing,
   conditional handles).
4. Version gating: 13.3+ only; actionable error otherwise.

References

• Driver docs (Graph Management): https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-driver-api/group__CUDA__GRAPH.html
• Found during the CUDA 12.8 → 13.3 bindings vs. cuda.core gap sweep (2026-07-14)

-- Leo's bot