[FEA]: Complete overflow arithmetic

### Is this a duplicate?

- [x] I confirmed there appear to be no [duplicate issues](https://github.com/NVIDIA/cccl/issues) for this request and that I agree to the [Code of Conduct](CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

### Area

libcu++

### Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.

Let's improve our support for integer operations with overflow detection.

### Describe the solution you'd like

List of functions:
- ``
- [x] `add_overflow` (#5267)
- [x] `sub_overflow` (#6084)
- [x] `mul_overflow` (#4415)
- [x] `div_overflow` (#6128)
- [ ] `rem_overflow`
- [x] `overflow_cast` (#4151)
- ``
- [ ] `abs_overflow`
- [ ] `neg_overflow`
- [ ] `pow_overflow`

### Describe alternatives you've considered

_No response_

### Additional context

_No response_