[EPIC] Setup Windows container and script infrastructure

Our current devcontainer infrastructure and CI scripts are all only built for Linux.

We want to have equivalent containers and scripts for running on Windows/msvc.

The desired end result is that we have Windows Docker scripts that we can pull, and scripts within the cccl/ repo equivalent to `build_thrust.sh/test_thrust.sh` that we can invoke in Windows to build/test each library.

### Tasks
- [ ] https://github.com/NVIDIA/cccl/issues/82
- [ ] https://github.com/NVIDIA/cccl/pull/251
- [ ] https://github.com/NVIDIA/cccl/issues/94
- [ ] https://github.com/NVIDIA/cccl/issues/252
- [ ] https://github.com/NVIDIA/cccl/issues/345
- [x] Create build PowerShell scripts for libcudacxx/thrust/cub
- [x] Create test PowerShell scripts for libcudacxx/thrust/cub
- [ ] Re-enable CUB RDC tests in Windows