[FEA]: Design API for group-based cooperative algorithms

### Is this a duplicate?

- [x] I confirmed there appear to be no [duplicate issues](https://github.com/NVIDIA/cccl/issues) for this request and that I agree to the [Code of Conduct](CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)

### Area

CUDA Experimental (cudax)

### Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.

We don't have group-based cooperative algorithms.

### Describe the solution you'd like

This issue can be closed with a design of the group-based cooperative algorithms that addresses the following questions:
- how to query and pass temporary storage
- how to specify temporary storage memory space (global, shared, etc)
- how to express where output is valid
- how to pass tuning knobs

### Describe alternatives you've considered

_No response_

### Additional context

_No response_