Update @metamask/eslint-config-typescript to v^10

### What is this about?

* Update @metamask/typescript-eslint-config to v^10 (check the breaking changes [here](https://github.com/MetaMask/eslint-config/blob/main/packages/typescript/CHANGELOG.md#changed-6))
* Remove the patch to @metamask/typescript-eslint-config
* Address the issues that came from the upgraded version

More detail was provided by @MajorLift in this Slack thread: https://consensys.slack.com/archives/C02U025CVU4/p1728580996706659

### Scenario

_No response_

### Design

_No response_

### Technical Details

_No response_

### Threat Modeling Framework

_No response_

### Acceptance Criteria

_No response_

### Stakeholder review needed before the work gets merged

- [X] Engineering (needed in most cases)
- [ ] Design
- [ ] Product
- [ ] QA (automation tests are required to pass before merging PRs but not all changes are covered by automation tests - please review if QA is needed beyond automation tests)
- [ ] Security
- [ ] Legal
- [ ] Marketing
- [ ] Management (please specify)
- [ ] Other (please specify)

### References

_No response_

Start by reading the linked TypeScript ESLint configuration changelog, especially the referenced breaking changes, and inspect the repository's current patch for @metamask/typescript-eslint-config. Update the dependency, remove that patch, address resulting issues, and verify the project's checks pass.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.