Catch TBB errors in the engine

We aren't catching TBB errors like this. They're `runtime_error`'s, not `engine_errors`'s, so M2 crashes rather than just raising an error at top level.

_Originally posted by @d-torrance in https://github.com/Macaulay2/M2/pull/4685#pullrequestreview-5171622084_

Start by locating the engine's existing engine_errors handling and the code paths where TBB runtime_errors can escape. Reproduce the M2 crash, then verify that the same failure is raised as a top-level error instead of terminating the process.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.