No action for key "ckpt_path" -> ckpt_path not available for linking

Nobody has claimed this yet.

### Bug description

Hi,

Thanks for all the hard work on making it possible to configure Lightning experiments through a simple config!

I want to link my ckpt_path to a callback using link_arguments together wit h LightningCLI (in my case because the callback is used to save out a set of predictions and the ckpt_path is used for naming the prediction set filename, but I would have thought needing your ckpt_path in other places in the config.yaml isn't that uncommon?). This is how I implemented the linking.

```
class MyLightningCLI(LightningCLI):
def add_arguments_to_parser(self, parser):
parser.link_arguments("ckpt_path", "trainer.callbacks.init_args.ckpt_path")

cli = MyLightningCLI(
MyLitModule,
MyLitDataModule,
run=True,
)
```

when running python predict_my_model.py predict --config my_config.yaml I unfortunately get the following error:

ValueError: No action for key "ckpt_path".
Going through the code, it seems like ckpt_path does not have an action attached it, [find_parent_or_child_actions](https://github.com/omni-us/jsonargparse/blob/main/jsonargparse/_link_arguments.py#L28) does not find one.

----

I've first incorrectly raised this on jsonargparse, where I got the following response:

The problem is not in jsonargparse. The error happens because ckpt_path is added in line [cli.py#L497](https://github.com/Lightning-AI/lightning/blob/1210deb5a0ff720b0ad66e38149cd28471d760ca/src/lightning/pytorch/cli.py#L497), which is after add_arguments_to_parser gets called (line [cli.py#L494](https://github.com/Lightning-AI/lightning/blob/1210deb5a0ff720b0ad66e38149cd28471d760ca/src/lightning/pytorch/cli.py#L494)). That is, when the link_arguments is run, ckpt_path does not yet exist in the parser.

How can this be fixed? You could override [_prepare_subcommand_parser](https://github.com/Lightning-AI/lightning/blob/1210deb5a0ff720b0ad66e38149cd28471d760ca/src/lightning/pytorch/cli.py#L492), having the same code, but moving _add_arguments to be after add_method_arguments. Though, note that this method starts with underscore _, so not guaranteed to be stable.

There could be other more proper solutions. But maybe this is not the correct place to discuss it. Please create an issue in lightning.

---

Thanks!

### What version are you seeing the problem on?

v2.0

### How to reproduce the bug

```python
See code above, can make a more complete example if needed.
```

### Error messages and logs

```
# Error messages and logs here please
```

### Environment

Current environment

```
#- Lightning Component (e.g. Trainer, LightningModule, LightningApp, LightningWork, LightningFlow):
#- PyTorch Lightning Version (e.g., 1.5.0):
#- Lightning App Version (e.g., 0.5.2):
#- PyTorch Version (e.g., 2.0):
#- Python version (e.g., 3.9):
#- OS (e.g., Linux):
#- CUDA/cuDNN version:
#- GPU models and configuration:
#- How you installed Lightning(`conda`, `pip`, source):
#- Running environment of LightningApp (e.g. local, cloud):
```

### More info

_No response_

cc @carmocca @mauvilsa

Start in src/lightning/pytorch/cli.py around _prepare_subcommand_parser, especially the ordering near lines 494-497, and inspect how jsonargparse link_arguments finds parser actions. Reproduce the provided LightningCLI example and verify that ckpt_path can be linked to trainer.callbacks.init_args.ckpt_path without the "No action" error.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.