Segfault on GPUCompiler 1.10

cc @giordano @vchuravy

│ ┌ Warning: `GPUCompiler.link_library!` is deprecated; call `LLVM.link!(mod, copy(lib))` directly, or `LLVM.link!(mod, lib; only_needed=true)` with a freshly-parsed library.
│ │   caller = link_library! at deprecated.jl:15 [inlined]
│ └ @ Core ~/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/GPUCompiler/lHkad/src/deprecated.jl:15
│```
...
│ [2730247] signal 11 (1): Segmentation fault
│ in expression starting at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/test/integration/cuda.jl:26
│ _ZN4llvm15ValueHandleBase12AddToUseListEv at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/julia_installs/bin/linux/x64/1.12/julia-1.12-latest-linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/julia/libLLVM.so.18.1jl (unknown line)
│ _ZN4llvm8ValueMapIPKNS_5ValueENS_14WeakTrackingVHENS_14ValueMapConfigIS3_NS_3sys10SmartMutexILb0EEEEEEixERKS3_.isra.0 at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/julia_installs/bin/linux/x64/1.12/julia-1.12-latest-linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/julia/libLLVM.so.18.1jl (unknown line)
│ _ZN4llvm17CloneFunctionIntoEPNS_8FunctionEPKS0_RNS_8ValueMapIPKNS_5ValueENS_14WeakTrackingVHENS_14ValueMapConfigIS7_NS_3sys10SmartMutexILb0EEEEEEENS_23CloneFunctionChangeTypeERNS_15SmallVectorImplIPNS_10ReturnInstEEEPKcPNS_14ClonedCodeInfoEPNS_20ValueMapTypeRemapperEPNS_17ValueMaterializerE at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/julia_installs/bin/linux/x64/1.12/julia-1.12-latest-linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/julia/libLLVM.so.18.1jl (unknown line)
│ _ZN4llvm11CloneModuleERKNS_6ModuleERNS_8ValueMapIPKNS_5ValueENS_14WeakTrackingVHENS_14ValueMapConfigIS6_NS_3sys10SmartMutexILb0EEEEEEENS_12function_refIFbPKNS_11GlobalValueEEEE at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/julia_installs/bin/linux/x64/1.12/julia-1.12-latest-linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/julia/libLLVM.so.18.1jl (unknown line)
│ _ZN4llvm11CloneModuleERKNS_6ModuleE at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/julia_installs/bin/linux/x64/1.12/julia-1.12-latest-linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/julia/libLLVM.so.18.1jl (unknown line)
│ LLVMCloneModule at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/julia_installs/bin/linux/x64/1.12/julia-1.12-latest-linux-x86_64/bin/../lib/julia/libLLVM.so.18.1jl (unknown line)
│ LLVMCloneModule at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/LLVM/Bd7kA/lib/18/libLLVM.jl:1239 [inlined]
│ copy at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/LLVM/Bd7kA/src/core/module.jl:50 [inlined]
│ #link_library!##0 at ./none (unknown line) [inlined]
│ iterate at ./generator.jl:48 [inlined]
│ collect at ./array.jl:790
│ link_library! at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/GPUCompiler/lHkad/src/deprecated.jl:19
│ link_library! at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/GPUCompiler/lHkad/src/deprecated.jl:15 [inlined]
│ #compile##0 at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/ext/ReactantCUDAExt.jl:904
│ #JuliaContext#93 at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/GPUCompiler/lHkad/src/driver.jl:34
│ JuliaContext at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/GPUCompiler/lHkad/src/driver.jl:25 [inlined]
│ compile at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/ext/ReactantCUDAExt.jl:894
│ actual_compilation at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/GPUCompiler/lHkad/src/execution.jl:245
│ unknown function (ip: 0x7035b079576a) at (unknown file)
│ cached_compilation at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/GPUCompiler/lHkad/src/execution.jl:159
│ macro expansion at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/ext/ReactantCUDAExt.jl:1635 [inlined]
│ macro expansion at ./lock.jl:376 [inlined]
│ #(overlay (. Reactant (inert REACTANT_METHOD_TABLE)) (. CUDA (inert cufunction)))#76 at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/ext/ReactantCUDAExt.jl:1606
│ unknown function (ip: 0x7035b06f9fe2) at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/ext/ReactantCUDAExt.jl
│ #kernel_compile#734 at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/CUDACore/gtlJx/src/compiler/execution.jl:59 [inlined]
│ kernel_compile at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/CUDACore/gtlJx/src/compiler/execution.jl:59
│ unknown function (ip: 0x7035b06f9f0f) at (unknown file)
│ call_with_reactant at ./none (unknown line) [inlined]
│ call_with_reactant at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/src/utils.jl:0
│ macro expansion at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/CUDACore/gtlJx/src/compiler/execution.jl:182 [inlined]
│ square! at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/test/integration/cuda.jl:22
│ unknown function (ip: 0x7036083f7f86) at (unknown file)
│ call_with_reactant at ./none (unknown line) [inlined]
│ call_with_reactant at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/src/utils.jl:0
│ jl_apply at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/julia.h:2391 [inlined]
│ jl_f__apply_iterate at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/builtins.c:868
│ #make_mlir_fn#4 at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/src/TracedUtils.jl:370
│ make_mlir_fn at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/src/TracedUtils.jl:299 [inlined]
│ #compile_mlir!#14 at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/src/Compiler.jl:1289
│ unknown function (ip: 0x7036083e8a45) at (unknown file)
│ compile_mlir! at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/src/Compiler.jl:1248
│ compile_mlir! at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/src/Compiler.jl:1248
│ #compile_xla#79 at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/src/Compiler.jl:3503
│ compile_xla at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/src/Compiler.jl:3478 [inlined]
│ #compile#81 at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/src/Compiler.jl:3599
│ compile at /var/lib/buildkite-agent/builds/gpuci-7/julialang/reactant-dot-jl/src/Compiler.jl:3596
│ unknown function (ip: 0x7036083c4fef) at (unknown file)
│ jl_apply at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/julia.h:2391 [inlined]
│ do_call at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/interpreter.c:123
│ eval_value at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/interpreter.c:243
│ eval_body at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/interpreter.c:581
│ eval_body at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/interpreter.c:558
│ eval_body at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/interpreter.c:558
│ eval_body at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/interpreter.c:558
│ jl_interpret_toplevel_thunk at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/interpreter.c:898
│ jl_toplevel_eval_flex at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/toplevel.c:1035
│ jl_toplevel_eval_flex at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/toplevel.c:975
│ ijl_toplevel_eval at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/toplevel.c:1047
│ ijl_toplevel_eval_in at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/toplevel.c:1092
│ eval at ./boot.jl:489
│ include_string at ./loading.jl:2874
│ _include at ./loading.jl:2934
│ include at ./Base.jl:307
│ IncludeInto at ./Base.jl:308
│ jfptr_IncludeInto_61448.1 at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/julia_installs/bin/linux/x64/1.12/julia-1.12-latest-linux-x86_64/lib/julia/sys.so (unknown line)
│ macro expansion at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/ParallelTestRunner/xjQuD/src/ParallelTestRunner.jl:385 [inlined]
│ macro expansion at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/usr/share/julia/stdlib/v1.12/Test/src/Test.jl:1777 [inlined]
│ macro expansion at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/ParallelTestRunner/xjQuD/src/ParallelTestRunner.jl:385 [inlined]
│ macro expansion at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/usr/share/julia/stdlib/v1.12/Test/src/Test.jl:1777 [inlined]
│ macro expansion at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/ParallelTestRunner/xjQuD/src/ParallelTestRunner.jl:384 [inlined]
│ macro expansion at ./timing.jl:697 [inlined]
│ top-level scope at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/ParallelTestRunner/xjQuD/src/ParallelTestRunner.jl:383
│ jl_toplevel_eval_flex at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/toplevel.c:1024
│ ijl_toplevel_eval at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/toplevel.c:1047
│ ijl_toplevel_eval_in at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/toplevel.c:1092
│ eval at ./boot.jl:489
│ execute at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/ParallelTestRunner/xjQuD/src/ParallelTestRunner.jl:376
│ inner at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/ParallelTestRunner/xjQuD/src/ParallelTestRunner.jl:413
│ runtest at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/ParallelTestRunner/xjQuD/src/ParallelTestRunner.jl:424
│ unknown function (ip: 0x7037a0730fa1) at (unknown file)
│ jl_apply at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/julia.h:2391 [inlined]
│ jl_f_invokelatest at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/builtins.c:881
│ #handle##0 at /root/.cache/julia-buildkite-plugin/depots/0190ad31-dfb1-4a4c-ac5b-02d05277ba6c/packages/Malt/OteGQ/src/worker.jl:120
│ unknown function (ip: 0x7037a07306f7) at (unknown file)
│ jl_apply at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/julia.h:2391 [inlined]
│ start_task at /cache/build/builder-amdci5-4/julialang/julia-release-1-dot-12/src/task.c:1252
└ Allocations: 923809193 (Pool: 923794413; Big: 14780); GC: 232

Reproduce the failure from test/integration/cuda.jl, starting at the compilation path in ext/ReactantCUDAExt.jl around lines 894 and 904. Inspect GPUCompiler's deprecated.jl link_library! call and the LLVM module-copy stack, then verify that the CUDA integration test completes without the segmentation fault.