Handling of `uv` cache for "big" packages

When installing torch (or other big package) in python image, we force `uv` to not use the cache (see https://github.com/InseeFrLab/images-datascience/blob/main/python-pytorch/Dockerfile#L10C33-L10C43). This means users who use `uv` for their project will have to download those packages again (even if there are already installed in the System python environment).

Moreover, [the path of the cache directory in /work](https://github.com/InseeFrLab/images-datascience/issues/279) means that a lot of space is used for that cache, leading to "No space left" error (just installing torch occupies ~5Gb in cache).

One way to mitigate those issues would be :

* For torch images, remove the `--no-cache` flag on `uv pip install` commands
* Set cache directory for `uv` outside of `/work`
* Set link-mode as `symlink` instead of default

This should improve the experience for users using uv and the torch version installed when building the image, without degrading it for others.

One caveat is that the image size will increase significantly (+50%), leading to slower start time.