Pass

Very well done Marcus!

You code is really good!

Although I like your approach with two predicates of whom one cuts (use !). Just for fun, lets explore an alterative solution:
Your code:

rec(Row, Column, Board, _, _):-
    % ...
    Stone = e, !.

rec(Row, Column, Board, OriginalStone, Visited):-
    % ...
    (Stone = OriginalStone),
    NewRow is Row - 1,
    NewRow2 is Row + 1,
    NewColumn is Column - 1,
    NewColumn2 is Column + 1,
    (
        rec(NewRow, Column, Board, OriginalStone, [[Row, Column]|Visited]);    
        rec(NewRow2, Column, Board, OriginalStone, [[Row, Column]|Visited]);
        rec(Row, NewColumn, Board, OriginalStone, [[Row, Column]|Visited]);
        rec(Row, NewColumn2, Board, OriginalStone, [[Row, Column]|Visited])
    ).

Only one predicate:

rec(Row, Column, Board, OriginalStone, Visited):-
    % ...
    (
        Stone = e;
        (
            Stone = OriginalStone,
            NewRow is Row - 1,
            NewRow2 is Row + 1,
            NewColumn is Column - 1,
            NewColumn2 is Column + 1,
            (
                rec(NewRow, Column, Board, OriginalStone, [[Row, Column]|Visited]);    
                rec(NewRow2, Column, Board, OriginalStone, [[Row, Column]|Visited]);
                rec(Row, NewColumn, Board, OriginalStone, [[Row, Column]|Visited]);
                rec(Row, NewColumn2, Board, OriginalStone, [[Row, Column]|Visited])
            )
        )
    ).

Thanks for your hard work!

Educational read: https://www.metalevel.at/prolog/fun

No file, test, or implementation entry point is named. Review the existing rec/5 Prolog code referenced in the post; done is not defined because the issue offers an alternative rather than requesting a change.