Figure.barb: Plot wind barbs in 2-D and 3-D

*This issue serves as the central place for discussing and tracking the implementation of the `Figure.barb()` method in PyGMT. The issue will be closed when the initial implementation is complete. Progress is tracked at https://github.com/orgs/GenericMappingTools/projects/3.*

**Example**

_input data_: [barbs_strength.txt](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/23842112/barbs_strength.txt), [barbs_direction.txt](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/23842102/barbs_direction.txt)

```python

import pygmt

pen_barb = "0.5p,darkorange"
fill_barb = "brown"

fig = pygmt.Figure()
fig.basemap(region=[-5, 5] * 2, projection="X10c", frame=0)

for barbs_data, use_word in zip(
["barbs_strength.txt", "barbs_direction.txt"], [1, 0]
):
with pygmt.clib.Session() as session:
session.call_module(
'barb',
'{} \
-W{} \
-G{} \
-Q{}' \
.format(barbs_data, pen_barb, fill_barb, '0.5c')
)
fig.text(barbs_data, offset="0c/-0.05c", justify="TC", font="5p", use_word=use_word)
fig.show()
```

## Documentation

- GMT: https://docs.generic-mapping-tools.org/dev/supplements/windbarbs/barb.html
- GMT.jl: https://www.generic-mapping-tools.org/GMTjl_doc/documentation/modules/.html
- PyGMT: https://www.pygmt.org/dev/api/generated/.html

## GMT Option Flags and Modifieres

☑️: *Implemented*; ⬜: *To be implemented/discussed*; ~~Strikethrough~~: *Won't implement*.

- [ ] `-R`: `region` #XXX
- [ ] `-J`: `projection` #XXX
- [ ] `-B`: `frame`
- [ ] `-G`: ` fill`
- [ ] `-W`: `pen`
- [ ] `-Q`:
- [ ] `-C`: `cmap`
- [ ] `-D`:
- [ ] `-I`:
- [ ] `-N`: `no_clip`
- [ ] ~~`-U`~~: Use `Figure.timestamp` instead.
- [ ] ~~`-X`/`-Y`~~: Use `Figure.shift_origin` instead.
- [ ] ~~`--PAR=value`~~: Use `pygmt.config` instead.

## Notes on Input Formats

*Add any notes on the input formats, especially the meaning of columns.*

## Linked Pull Requests

- [ ] Initial feature implementation #XXX
- [ ] Add a tutorial or gallery example

## Related Issues and Discussions

*Add links to related wrapper discussions, API design threads, or upstream GMT changes here.*