Bug Report: current docker-php-extension-installer does not officialy support PHP 8.2

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**Describe the bug**
Running the current docker-php-extension-installer script in the PHP 8.2 base image, e.g. `sudo -E install-php-extensions xdebug`, yields the following message:
```
### ERROR: Unsupported PHP version: 8.2 ###
```
Altough technically it continues and works for the cases I've found, an update to the extension would probably be appropriate.

**To Reproduce**
`docker container run --rm -it cimg/php:8.2 /bin/bash -c "sudo -E install-php-extensions xdebug"`

**Expected behavior**
No error message appears.

**Workarounds**
Ignore the error message as it appears unharmful in most cases.

**Screenshots and Build Links**
n/a

**Additional context**
With the PHP 8.3 release coming up, it might be good to update the extension in such a manner it officialy supports that as well. Given that the current origin repository supports it (see https://github.com/mlocati/docker-php-extension-installer/pull/810), getting up to date with this should be sufficient.

Start by running the reported cimg/php:8.2 command and locate the bundled docker-php-extension-installer version and its PHP-version support check. Compare it with the upstream repository and referenced pull request; done means installing xdebug on PHP 8.2 no longer prints the unsupported-version error.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.