A rendering bug with globe at specific camera angles

### What happened?

In Cesium Scene, there is no imagery layer in the scene, the blue surface is the original earth surface, but you can still see the alternating dark on the surface.

It was clearly visible, grainy noise in the blue area. And this noise “moved” randomly when moving the camera - it looked like some sort of “screen space” effect. It was only visible in a very narrow are of the camera configuration (i.e. it disappeared quickly when moving up/down).

So it looks like it is related to the GraphicsCard/Driver (or, less likely, the OS).

Reported on the [forum](https://community.cesium.com/t/a-rendering-bug-with-globe-at-specific-camera-angles/36313)


### Reproduction steps

1. Sandcastle https://sandcastle.cesium.com/#c=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### Sandcastle example

_No response_

### Environment

### Observed
Browser: Google Chrome 130.0.6723.59
CesiumJS Version:Cesium 1.123
Operating System:Windows 10 Professional 22H2 19045.5011
Graphics Card/Driver: ....

### Not observed
Browser: Google Chrome 128.0.6613.137
CesiumJS Version:Cesium 1.123
Operating System: Ubuntu 22.04
Graphics Card/Driver: TU117M [GeForce GTX 1650 Mobile / Max-Q] NVIDIA Corporation

Start with the linked Sandcastle reproduction using Chrome 130 on Windows 10 and compare it with the listed Ubuntu and Chrome 128 environment where the issue was not observed. Investigate the globe rendering behavior at the reported camera angles and determine whether the cause can be isolated to Cesium, the browser, or the graphics driver; done means a reproducible diagnosis and a verified rendering fix or documented limitation.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.