Investigate a standard implementation of type-checking constructors for @dataclasses

The implementation of [ifex_ast_construction.py](https://github.com/COVESA/ifex/blob/ifex_construction/ifex/model/ifex_ast_construction.py) adds __init__() functions to dataclasses and those __init__ functions also do some checks of the input parameters to ensure they are using the right data type.

Since `@dataclass` is such a fundamental concept in python, (and combined with the `typing` library, as it is here) I imagine this kind of type-validation might already be implemented in some 3rd-party library, or maybe even supported somehow by Python itself.

If anyone is aware, this is a ticket to see if there is already an existing / better implementation of it because I expect that there is!
In that case, we can simplify things by removing the custom implementation, and improving quality.

Start by reading ifex/model/ifex_ast_construction.py, focusing on the dataclass constructors and their input checks. Compare that implementation with Python's dataclasses and typing support and relevant third-party options. Done means documenting whether a standard replacement exists and what custom implementation can be removed or changed.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.