🧐[Question] Invalid response from Steam (No Oauth token)

When binding the token, after entering the email verification code, an error message saying "Invalid response from Steam (No Oauth token)" is displayed.

Start at the token-binding flow after the email verification code is entered and trace the Steam response handling that produces "Invalid response from Steam (No Oauth token)." Reproduce the verification flow and inspect the response contents; done means the cause is identified and the flow either obtains the OAuth token or reports the actual failure clearly.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.