Support device code authentication

### Bug Title

_No response_

### Crate Name

azure_identity

### Crate Version

0.22

### Description

The device-code flow mechanism was removed.

This is commonly available in multiple SDKs, including [golang](https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go/blob/main/sdk/azidentity/device_code_credential.go) and [python](https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-python/blob/main/sdk/identity/azure-identity/azure/identity/_credentials/device_code.py).

device code was mentioned as an alternate solution to the removal of `ClientSecretCredential` (ref https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-rust/issues/2219), but cannot be used while it's been deleted.

### Steps to Reproduce

See above.

### Checklist

- [x] Follow our [Code of Conduct](https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-rust/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)
- [x] Check that there isn't already an issue that request the same bug to avoid creating a duplicate.
- [x] The provided reproduction is a [minimal reproducible example](https://stackoverflow.com/help/minimal-reproducible-example) of the bug.