[PSRule] Integrate PSRule pre-flight checks with ADO module validation workflows

This is the ADO version of issue #2426.

This is a separate issue wrt the GH one for the following reason:

As noticed during PoC (ref #2026) the PSRule ADO extension prerequisite may be a blocker to adopting the analyzer in ADO pipelines, since the current extension is not released with a Microsoft verified publisher.

A workaround to be discussed for CARML is to replace the action with custom script using PSRule module and cmdlets, getting rid of the extension prerequisite, but likely requiring more effort.

Alternatively, since a new ADO extension is planned to be released with a Microsoft verified publisher, we may want to block this issue until then. This is tracked by https://github.com/microsoft/PSRule/issues/3295,

A first implementation of this issue for, e.g., the KV module, is hosted by branch [hack/topic6](https://github.com/Azure/ResourceModules/tree/hack/topic6). The branch leverages the currently published extension.