Let account component store one of its public procedure roots in a storage slot

from https://github.com/0xMiden/protocol/pull/3527#discussion_r3817951211

> Could we not do this already via the component metadata? For example, we could have a new storage schema type - something like `miden::protocol::stored_procedure` and then we'd be able to get all storage slots that have this type?
>
> In TOML it could look something like this:
>
> ```toml
> [[storage.slots]]
> name = "authority_procedure"
> type = "miden::protocol::stored_procedure"
> ```

The issue references a PR discussion about storing a public procedure root in a storage slot via component metadata. Look at the compiler's storage schema handling, likely in a module dealing with TOML metadata or storage slot types. Start by examining how storage slots are currently defined and how new types like 'miden::protocol::stored_procedure' could be added. Check the linked PR #3527 for context. 'Done' means the compiler supports a new storage schema type for stored procedures and can serialize it in TOML as shown.

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